Growth hormone level in COVID-19 patients

OBJECTIVE: Coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) disease can cause asymptomatic and mild flu-like symptoms as well as severe symptoms ranging from respiratory failure and death. Growth hormone (GH) is produced in the anterior pituitary and plays an important role in the immune system. COVID-19 is severe in the elderly, men, obese, diabetics, and people with immune deficiency. The probability of GH deficiency is high in these patient groups. In this study, we aimed to investigate the relationship between the severity of COVID-19 infection and GH level.
METHODS: A total of 456 patients, between 45 and 80-years-old, who were hospitalized with the diagnosis of COVID-19 disease were evaluated in the study. Our study was a retrospective study study. Demographic data of the patients, GH, insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-1), and biochemical parameters and thorax tomography results were evaluated. Patients with chronic diseases that would affect GH levels and those in need of intensive care were excluded from the study.
RESULTS: 456 patients were included in the study, 168 female, 288 male, mean age 67.57±12.60 years. Patients were divided into two groups according to thorax tomography findings, patients with lung involvement in group-1: 352 (77%) and those without pulmonary involvement in group-2: 104 (23%). While the GH of group-1 was 0.125 ng/ml, the GH of group-2 was 0.238 ng/ml, the difference between them was statistically significant (p=0.000). IGF-1 in group-1 was: 55.05 ng/ml, while IGF-1 in group-2 was: 104.08 ng/ml, the difference between them was statistically significant (p=0.000). In multivariate regression analysis, low IGF-1 (p=<0,01, OR: 1,06 [1028–1093]) level was found to be significantly effective in lung involvement in COVID-19 disease.
CONCLUSION: In our study, we found GH and IGF-1 deficiency in COVID-19 cases with lung involvement, regardless of age and gender. We can say that COVID-19 infection progresses worse in GH and IGF-1 deficiency.

COVID-19 Hastalarýnda Büyüme Hormon Düzeyi

Amaç: Koronavirus hastalýðý-2019 (COVID-19), asemptomatik ve hafif grip benzeri semptomlarla neden olabildiði gibi solunum yetmezliðinden ölüme kadar deðiþen ciddi semptomlara neden olabilir. Büyüme hormonu (GH) ön hipofizde üretilir ve baðýþýklýk sisteminde önemli bir rol oynar. COVID-19 yaþlýlarda, erkeklerde, obezlerde, diyabet hastalarýnda ve baðýþýklýk yetmezliði olan kiþilerde daha ciddi seyreder. Bu hasta grubunda GH eksikliði olma olasýlýðý yüksektir. Biz bu çalýþmada, COVID-19 enfeksiyonunun þiddeti ile GH düzeyi arasýndaki iliþkiyi araþtýrmayý amaçladýk.
Yöntem: COVID-19 hastalýðý tanýsý ile hastanede yatan, 45-80 yaþ arasý toplam 456 hasta çalýþmaya alýndý. Çalýþmamýz retrospektif bir çalýþmadýr. Hastalarýn demografik verileri, GH, insülin benzeri büyüme faktörü-I (IGF-1) ve biyokimyasal parametreleri ile toraks tomografi sonuçlarý deðerlendirildi. GH düzeyini etkileyecek kronik hastalýðý olan ve yoðun bakýma ihtiyacý olan hastalar çalýþmadan çýkarýldý.
Bulgular: 168 kadýn, 288 erkek toplam 456 hasta çalýþmaya alýndý, hastalarýn yaþ ortalamasý; 67.57 ± 12.60 yýldý. Hastalar akciðer bilgisayarlý tomografi bulgularýna Grup 1 (göre akciðer tutulumu olan): 352 (% 77) ve Grup 2 (akciðer tutulumu olmayanlar): 104 (% 23) þeklinde iki gruba ayrýldý. Grup 1'in GH'si 0.125 ng / ml iken, grup 2'nin GH'si 0.238 ng / ml idi, aralarýndaki fark istatistiksel olarak anlamlýydý (p: 0.000). Grup 1’in IGF-1: 55.05 ng/ml iken grup 2’nin IGF-1: 104.08 ng/ml’ idi, aralarýndaki fark istatiksel olarak anlamlýydý (p: 0.000). Multivariate regresyon analizinde, COVID-19 hastalýðýnda akciðer tutulumunda düþük IGF-1 [p: <0,01, OR: 1,06 (1028-1093)] seviyesinin anlamlý derecede etkili olduðu saptandý.
Sonuç: Çalýþmamýzda akciðer tutulumu olan COVID-19 olgularýnda yaþ ve cinsiyetten baðýmsýz olarak GH ve IGF-1 eksikliði saptadýk. GH ve IGF-1 eksikliðinde COVID-19 enfeksiyonunun daha kötü seyrettiðini söyleyebiliriz. (NCI-2021-8-9/R1)