Comparison of the effects of general and spinal anesthesia for cesarean delivery on maternal and fetal outcomes: A retrospective analysis of data

OBJECTIVE: General or single-shut spinal anesthesia (SA) is applied for cesarean section and both methods of anesthesia have different effects on the mother and newborn. This retrospective study, in which 1-year data were analyzed, was aimed to examine the effects of general or SA on maternal and neonatal outcomes.
METHODS: Anesthesia technique, mother’s age, gestational age, number of pregnancies, previous cesarean delivery number, maternal complications, and indications for cesarean delivery were analyzed in 883 cesarean deliveries. In addition, weight and Apgar scores of newborn and umbilical cord blood gas values were examined.
RESULTS: Neonatal intensive care need was higher in the general anesthesia (GA) group, Apgar scores were higher in the SA group, but neonatal mortality was similar. The umbilical cord Ph and lactate were lower; PCO2 values were higher in the GA group. Neonatal weight, mother’s age, gestational age, and Apgar scores were predictive for neonatal mortality, but anesthesia technique was not.
CONCLUSION: While umbilical cord blood gas values were less affected and the need for neonatal intensive care was lower with SA, we believe that both anesthesia methods can be used safely for mother and neonatal in cesarean anesthesia considering maternal and neonatal morbidity and mortality.

Sezaryen doðumda genel ve spinal anestezinin maternal ve fetal sonuçlara etkilerinin karþýlaþtýrýlmasý: Retrospektif verilerin analizi

Amaç: Sezaryen için genel veya spinal anestezi uygulanmaktadýr ve her iki anestezi yönteminin de anne ve yenidoðan üzerinde farklý etkileri vardýr. Bir yýllýk verilerin analiz edildiði bu retrospektif çalýþmada genel veya spinal anestezinin maternal ve neonatal sonuçlara etkilerinin incelenmesi amaçlandý.
Yöntemler: 883 sezaryen doðumda anestezi tekniði, anne yaþý, gebelik yaþý, gebelik sayýsý, önceki sezaryen doðum sayýsý, maternal komplikasyonlar ve sezaryen doðum endikasyonlarý incelendi. Ayrýca yenidoðanýn kilosu ve Apgar skoru, göbek kordonu kan gazý deðerlerine bakýldý.
Bulgular: Genel anestezi grubunda yenidoðan yoðun bakým ihtiyacý, spinal anestezi grubunda Apgar skoru daha yüksek ancak neonatal mortalite benzerdi. Umbilikal kord Ph ve laktat genel anestezi grubunda daha düþük, PCO2 deðerleri daha yüksekti. Neonatal kilo, anne yaþý, gestasyonel yaþ ve Apgar skorlarý neonatal mortalite için prediktif iken anestezi tekniði prediktif deðildi.
Sonuç: Spinal anestezi ile göbek kordonu kan gazý deðerleri daha az etkilenirken ve yenidoðan yoðun bakým ihtiyacý daha az olurken, sezaryen anestezisinde maternal ve neonatal morbidite ve mortalite göz önüne alýndýðýnda her iki anestezi yönteminin de anne ve yenidoðan için güvenle kullanýlabileceði kanýsýndayýz. (NCI-2023-6-19)