Retrospective investigation of patients undergoing splenectomy: Our 8-year clinical experience in a single center

OBJECTIVE: Elective splenectomy is often performed due to hematological diseases. In this study, we aimed to investigate the splenectomy procedures performed in our clinic under emergency and elective conditions by analyzing the surgical techniques applied, surgical indications, and the clinical and demographic data of the patients, while seeking to discuss this subject, which holds a significant place in general surgical practice, in light of current literature.
METHODS: Patients who underwent splenectomy surgery in the general surgery clinic of a tertiary care hospital between September 2016 and September 2024 were included in the study. Clinical and demographic data of the patients were collected retrospectively through the hospital information management system records.
RESULTS: The mean age of 89 patients included in the study was 41.0 ± 18.8 years (18-76 years). The male/female ratio was 1.3/1. The most common indication for splenectomy was trauma (38.2%). This was followed by mass (29.2%), splenomegaly (14.6%), and immune thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP) (14.6%). Of the patients, 62.9% underwent open surgery, while 37.1% were operated on using the laparoscopic technique. Of the patients, 57.3% underwent elective surgery, while emergency surgery was planned for 42.7%.
CONCLUSION: While splenectomy is a life-saving intervention in emergency conditions, it has become the most important treatment in some hematological diseases. Firstly, accurate surgical indication and the selection of an appropriate surgical technique tailored to the patient are of critical importance. There are still controversial issues in the current literature regarding the indications for splenectomy and the surgical technique to be applied.

Splenektomi yapýlan hastalarýn retrospektif olarak araþtýrýlmasý: Tek merkez 8 yýllýk klinik deneyimlerimiz

AMAÇ: Splenektomi acil ve elektif þartlarda yapýlabilmektedir. Elektif þartlarda uygulanan splenektomiler sýklýkla hematolojik hastalýklar nedeniyle yapýlmaktadýr. Bu çalýþmada; kliniðimizde acil ve elektif þartlarda yaptýðýmýz splenektomileri; uygulanan ameliyat tekniði, cerrahi endikasyon ve hastalarýn diðer klinik ve demografik verileri üzerinden araþtýrmayý ve genel cerrahi pratiðinde önemli yer tutan bu konuyu güncel literatür bilgileri eþliðinde tartýþmayý amaçladýk.
GEREÇ VE YÖNTEM: Çalýþmaya; Eylül 2016 ile Eylül 2024 tarihleri arasýnda üçüncü basamak hastane genel cerrahi kliniðinde splenektomi ameliyatý yapýlan hastalar dahil edildi. Hastalarýn klinik ve demografik verileri hastane bilgi yönetim sistemi kayýtlarý üzerinden geriye dönük olarak toplandý.
BULGULAR: Çalýþmaya dahil edilen 89 hastanýn yaþ ortalamasý 41,0 ± 18,8 yýl idi (18-76 yaþ). Erkek/kadýn oraný 1,3/1 idi. En yaygýn splenektomi endikasyonu travma (%38,2) idi. Bunu kitle (%29,2), splenomegali (%14,6) ve immün trombositopenik purpura (ÝTP) (%14,6) izlemekteydi. Hastalarýn %62,9’u açýk, %37,1’i laparoskopik teknikle opere edildi. Hastalarýn %57,3’ü elektif opere edilirken, %42,7’sinde acil operasyon planlandý.
SONUÇ: Splenektomi acil þartlarda hayat kurtarýcý bir giriþim olarak karþýmýza çýkarken; hematolojik bazý hastalýklarda ise en önemli tedavi yöntemi haline gelmiþtir. Hastaya öncelikle doðru cerrahi endikasyonun konulmasý ve hastaya uygun cerrahi teknik seçimi oldukça önemlidir. Splenektomi endikasyonlarý ve uygulanacak cerrahi teknik hususunda güncel literatürde hala tartýþmalý hususlar mevcuttur. (NCI-2024-12-2)