Risk analysis in persistent cervical lymphadenopathies: Malignant or benign?

OBJECTIVE: The objective of the study was to determine the parameters that can be used to predict malignancy in persistent cervical lymphadenopathies.
METHODS: We retrospectively reviewed the files of 162 patients diagnosed with persistent cervical lymphadenopathy who underwent an excisional biopsy in our department between January 2011 and October 2019. Patient demographics and the size, side, duration, and localization of lymphadenopathy were recorded, and their relationship with histopathological results was investigated. Multiple regression analysis was used to determine the relationship between clinical parameters and malignancy.
RESULTS: Of the 162 patients, 91 (56.2%) were male and 71 (43.8%) were female, and the mean age was 45.40±20.41 (2–84) years. Male gender (OR=3.099; p=0.003), increasing age (OR=1.029; p=0.002), short duration of lymphadenopathy (OR=0.989; p=0.048), and neck level V (OR=2.604; p=0.031) patients had a statistically significantly higher risk of malignancy. There was no statistically significant relationship between the side and size of the lymph node and the risk of malignancy (p>0.05).
CONCLUSION: In our study, male gender was determined to be the most predictive risk factor for malignancy in patients with cervical lymphadenopathy, followed by lymph node neck level, increased age, and duration of the disease.

Servikal Lenfadenopatilerde Risk Analizi: Malign mi, Benign mi?

Amaç: Bu çalýþmada persistan servikal lenfadenopatilerde malignite açýsýndan öngörüde kullanýlabilecek paremetrelerin belirlenmesi amaçlanmýþtýr.
Metod: Kliniðimizde Ocak 2011-Ekim 2019 tarihleri arasýnda persistan servikal lenfadenopati tanýsýyla eksizyonel biyopsi uygulanan 162 hastanýn dosyalarý geriye dönük olarak incelendi. Hastalara ait demografik veriler ile lenfadenopatinin boyutu, tarafý, lokalizasyonu ve süresi kaydedilerek histopatolojik sonuçlarla iliþkisi araþtýrýldý. Klinik parametreler ile malignite arasýndaki iliþkinin belirlenmesinde çoklu regresyon analizi yöntemi kullanýldý.
Bulgular: Hastalarýn 91’i erkek (%56,2), 71’i kadýn (%43,8) olup yaþ ortalamalarý 45,40±20,41 (2-84) yýl idi. Yapýlan çoklu regresyon analizi sonucu erkek cinsiyet (OR=3.099; p=0.003), yaþ artýþý (OR=1.029; p=0.002), kýsa lenfadenopati süresi (OR=0,989; p=0,048) ve boyun bölgesi V (OR=2.604; p=0.031) olan hastalarda malignite riski istatistiksel olarak anlamlý derecede yüksek bulundu. Lenf nodunun tarafý ve boyutu ile malignite riski arasýnda istatistiksel iliþki saptanmadý (p>0.05).
Sonuç: Çalýþmamýzda servikal lenfadenopatisi olan hastalarda malignite üzerinde en etkili risk faktörünün erkek cinsiyet olduðu görülmüþtür. Cinsiyetten sonra sýrasýyla boyun bölgesi, yaþ ve lenfadenopati süresi gelmektedir. (NCI-2020-0226.R3)